Motor m5 position is obtained by counting the number of steps. Foot Drop Treatment Using a Resistance Band Read More, Patient Stories Pont, D.; Contreras, A.F. ; Shor, P.C. Found inside – Page 94Arya KN, Verma R, Garg RK, et al: Meaningful task-specific training (MTST) for stroke rehabilitation: a randomized ... treatment of equal intensity in people with chronic upper-extremity dysfunction after cerebrovascular accident. Costs are generated due to the intensity of therapy required for CIMT, as participants typically receive up to 6 hours of one-on-one therapy at least 5 days per week for 2 weeks. In Proceedings of the 2018 7th IEEE International Conference on Biomedical Robotics and Biomechatronics (Biorob), Enschede, The Netherlands, 26–29 August 2018; pp. This post contains examples of full-body stroke exercises that you can practice at home. This 2nd edition remains the only comprehensive evidence-based text on the Occupational Therapy management of the stroke patient. Evidence has accumulated to support the efficacy of CI therapy for rehabilitating hemiparetic arm use in individuals with chronic stroke. This book addresses the related topics. Zafonte R, Elovic EP, Lombard L. Acute care management of post-TBI spasticity.J Head Trauma Rehabil. Occupational therapists have noted variations in upper extremity rehabilitation practice between sites After testing ExoFlex, the participants completed the SUS questionnaire that collected subjective evaluations and recommendations regarding the device (. Bangor, A.; Kortum, P.T. Call 888-284-5433 for assistance. The Authors would like to thank all patient and clinicians that have been participated in the validation test of the exoskeleton. Found inside – Page 98Malouin R, Richards CL, Belleville S, et al: Training mobility tasks after stroke with combined mental and ... Carr J, Shepherd R: Movement science: foundations for physical therapy in rehabilitation, ed 2, Gaithersburg, MD, 2000, ... This form of “non-movement” stimulation will assist in healing and improve areas such as spasticity, pain, skin temperature, just to name a few. In Proceedings of the 2020 IEEE International Conference on Human-Machine Systems (ICHMS), Rome, Italy, 7–9 September 2020; pp. prior to publication. Sawaki L, et al. Bhatt E, et al. In this way, a continuous movement of the arm is caused and a perpendicularity between the cable and the arm is achieved, which causes better performance. We help you to make the right choice in selecting a healthcare provider. Level 5: Strength Training Arm Exercises for Stroke Patients; Video: Arm Exercises from an Occupational Therapist. However, it has been shown that receiving CIMT early on (3–9 months post-stroke) will result in greater functional gains than receiving delayed treatment (15–21 months post-stroke),[13] with no benefits associated with its administration acutely (< 3 months post stroke). SaeboResearch [15] Particular interest is growing in CIMT for children who have cerebral palsy where one arm is more affected than the other. Celnik P, et al. Clients that may not be appropriate for the SaeboStim Micro typically exhibit one or more of the below: Sign up to receive new product updates, clinical news, research and more. [17], Both CIMT and modified CIMT may be applicable to up to 20–25 percent of stroke patients,[18] and the amount of improvement produced by either regimen appears to diminish as the initial motor ability of the patient decreases. Effect of finger tracking combined with electrical stimulation on brain reorganization and hand function in subjects with stroke. It is important to say that one of the patients stated that she felt less pain when the device performed the movement than when the therapist performed it in her regular therapy, both reaching the same maximum elevation angle. ; Pei, Y.C. I have carefully reviewed the "Patient Criteria" for this product and believe that I meet those criteria. Whether the client just had a stroke or orthopedic injury, or if he or she suffered an injury years ago, the SaeboStim Micro can be of great benefit. First, the sample of subjects was small. 37 Full PDFs related to this paper. Whether the client just had a stroke or orthopedic injury, or if he or she suffered an injury years ago, the. The authors declare no conflict of interest. The arithmetic mean across all items provides the total satisfaction score. Most devices are delivered within 5-10 business days. Virtual Reality, Shop Returns Like all medical treatments, the amount of recovery cannot be guaranteed; however, clients that are motivated and compliant with the daily home program tend to have better outcomes. Our original ground breaking design is still the first choice of patients with limited hand function and increased tone. In Proceedings of the World Congress on Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Munich, Germany, 7–12 September 2009; Springer: Berlin/Heidelberg, Germany, 2009; pp. Shoulder Subluxation [30], Therapist apprehension directed at safety issues with constraint use, lack of facilities, the cost of providing one-on-one therapy sessions, and the opportunity costs associated with the therapist's inability to see and treat other patients during that time has contributed to the resistance of adopting the CIMT protocol. ; Lum, P.S. Users must read and completely follow all directions provided by the manufacturer, as well as instructions from their physician regarding treatment times, and protocols. In fact, a consistent home exercise program is one of the best ways to continue recovery well beyond discharge from inpatient rehabilitation. Cart Though, in others, such as fractures, dislocations and arthroplasties, it is important to respect an initial period of immobilization, which helps recovery, reduces pain and edema, helps consolidation and prevents radiological deformities [, Exoskeleton-assisted rehabilitation has become increasingly popular in recent years and the use of exoskeletons in the field of rehabilitation has been a real hit [, The acceptance of exoskeletons has been increasing over the years, although, despite the advantages offered by these devices and the great variety on the market, they are not yet fully implanted in the clinic as a complementary tool in rehabilitative therapy [. They are the pathways that provide the electrical current, which you control. All Rights Reserved. An external pulse counting module (LS7366R) has also been added for m4. It consists of a 10-item questionnaire with five response options for respondents; from strongly agree (score of 5) to strongly disagree (score of 1). Salient Features, Encompasses more than 30 advance orthopedic/manual therapy, neurological, vestibular and cardiopulmonary physiotherapy (PT) and occupational therapy (OT) techniques, In-depth but precise and concise content written in ... Gravity Compensation The next subsections show the details of each questionnaire. Feature Golaszewski SM, et al. Feature Papers represent the most advanced research with significant potential for high impact in the field. Mackenzie-Knapp M. Electrical stimulation in early stroke rehabilitation of the upper limb with inattention. The inclusion criteria established for the selection of the patients were: presentation of musculoskeletal injury of the right upper limb, being a subsidiary of rehabilitative treatment, not presenting any pathology that contraindicates the rehabilitative treatment and ages over 18 years. Different threads are thrown to monitor and create the commands. The ethical principles for medical research in humans of the Declaration of Helsinki were followed. Don’t worry, the device is still working behind the scenes. Even numbered questions (Q2, 4, 6, 8, and 10) were negative questions, and the recorded scores were 5 minus the original ones. FAQs Concurrently, patients wear a mitt on the less affected limb for 5 hours/weekday during the same 10-week period. Designed to prevent or reduce spasticity and improve muscle re-education. In this way, we have precise control over the frequency with which data from the different sensors is obtained, the control period and the speed of the communications. Cortical Priming The used encoders are of the quadrature-type and have a high resolution (1024 pulses per revolution). Effects of Somatosensory stimulation on motor function after subacute stroke. Beginning with detailed information on risk factors, epidemiology, prevention, and neurophysiology, the book details the acute and long-term treatment of all stroke-related impairments and complications. The aim is to provide a snapshot of some of the most exciting work As with all electrotherapy treatment items, SaeboStim Micro should only be purchased and used under the supervision or order of a qualified physician. Golaszewski SM, et al. Miguel Cruz, A.; Daum, C.; Comeau, A.; Salamanca, J.D.G. However, all participants stated “neutral” with the advantages of using ExoFlex compared with other exoskeletons, perhaps due to the lack of knowledge about the rest of the robotic devices for the upper limb in terms of price and benefits for patients. [. The SUS provides a quick and reliable tool for measuring the usability of a device. Electro-Mesh glove provides complete stimulation to the entire hand. Nash, C.E. ; Sáez-Sáez, F.J.; Ferre, M.; Sánchez-Urán, M.Á. Covering neuroscience and rehabilitation strategies, an essential handbook and reference for multidisciplinary stroke rehabilitation teams. Clients that may not be appropriate for the. Types of restraints include a sling or triangular bandage, a splint,[5] a sling combined with a resting hand splint, a half glove, and a mitt. ; Miller, J.T. Physiotherapy, Occupational Therapy, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Campus de Alcorcón, Av. Peripheral Nerve Injury Vallar G, Rusconi ML, Bernardini B. Modulation of neglect hemianesthesia by transcutaneous electrical stimulation. With a lightweight and low profile design, the SaeboGlove is the premiere functional solution for impaired hand function. Blog This book provides a summary of the neurobiology of innate and treatment-induced repair mechanisms after hypoxia and reviews the state of the art for human therapeutics in relation to promoting behavioral recovery after stroke. If, for whatever reason, you aren't satisfied with the results you're seeing, send the item back to us within 30 days for a full refund, no questions asked. Found inside – Page 73Theory and clinical practice in neurological rehabilitation. Wiley- Blackwell, Chichester, pp. 1–22. Ratnasabapathy, Y., Broad, J., Baskett, J., et al., 2003. Shoulder pain in people with a stroke: a population-based study. Clin. The statements, opinions and data contained in the journals are solely Once you've found the Saebo device you'd like to try, order it directly through our website and have it shipped right to your home. The purpose is to provide very low-level stimulation which will travel deep into your tissues and up to your brain. For this reason, the. Contracture Suite 120-B In this section we feature common diseases, conditions, treatments, operations and tests and if you're paying for yourself, you can research the cost of going for private treatment. ; Tápanes, S.H. This book contains the best papers of the First International Joint Conference on B- medical Engineering Systems and Technologies (BIOSTEC 2008), organized by the Institute for Systems and Technologies of Information Control and ... Download Free PDF. Prada G, Tallis R. Treatment of neglect syndrome in stroke patients using a contingency electrical stimulator 1995; 9: 304-313. 2020). Live Course, Foot Drop Furthermore, the SUS is versatile and can be used to evaluate websites, software, mobile devices, and medical systems; it is a short questionnaire that is quick to answer; a final score is provided with an interpretation based on a well-established reference standard; it is free, it is suitable even when applied to small samples (N < 14) and it has excellent reliability (0.85). [21] Although, due to the duration of this treatment, patients who have suffered profound upper extremity paralysis from their condition are normally not eligible for constraint-induced upper extremity training. 2006;28(13-14):891-897. [14], CIMT was developed by Edward Taub of the University of Alabama at Birmingham. I agree with the below: Always consult your physician before purchasing or beginning any treatment with the SaeboStim Micro or any other electrotherapy product. The DC motors are DCX22S GB KL 48V motors with planetary reducers with reduction ratios of 794, 14, 326 and 794 for motors m1, m2, m3 and m4, respectively. The fact that the electronics and software are our own designs allows us to obtain an architecture highly adapted to the needs of the exoskeleton. “Has ExoFlex been useful for the rehabilitation of the upper limb?”; “Do you think that ExoFlex could be helpful in the process of upper limb rehabilitation?”; “Would you recommend ExoFlex to other clinicians?”; “Do you think ExoFlex has advantages compared to other devices?”. ; Chen, J.L. However, distributed or "modified" CIT protocols have enjoyed similar efficacy to CIMT,[4] have been able to be administered in outpatient clinical environments, and have enjoyed high success rates internationally. Not to be used over heart, carotid sinus nerves or across the head. several techniques or approaches, or a comprehensive review paper with concise and precise updates on the latest In. Saebo UK Resting injured limbs delays recovery: A systematic review. If the arm has limited use, this may lead to impaired communication to the brain, which includes sense of touch, feel, or awareness of movement. Although you do not feel the tingling, the stimulation is still penetrating the skin and current is being delivered to the targeted areas. This type of The limitations of the ExoFlex as a rehabilitation tool can be listed as follows: The maximum angle of elevation of the subject’s arm is 160 degrees; This version of the ExoFlex does not perform shoulder rotations; The trajectory generation is focused on arm lifting movements in a fixed plane. Electrical Stimulation After a stroke, 80% of the chronic patients have difficulties to use their paretic upper limb (UL) in activities of daily life (ADL) even after rehabilitation. ; Dewald, J.P. Jumpstart your road to recovery with our 30-day Risk-Free Trial program and discover how Saebo can help you get your life back. [1] Due to its high duration of treatment, the therapy has been found to frequently be infeasible when attempts have been made to apply it to clinical situations, and both patients and treating clinicians have reported poor compliance and concerns with patient safety. The SaeboStim Micro is designed for individuals that have had injuries that result in: The onset of the injury does not prevent someone from receiving Saebo treatment. For Unfortunately, most clients do not receive enough training or stimulation to the affected side which is needed to maximize recovery. Effects of somatosensory stimulation on use-dependent plasticity in chronic stroke. Found inside – Page 94Arya KN, Verma R, Garg RK, et al: Meaningful task-specific training (MTST) for stroke rehabilitation: a randomized ... movement therapy and bilateral treatment of equal intensity in people with chronic upper-extremity dysfunction after ... Includes three interchangeable, spring-loaded plates to allow patients with spasticity to stretch comfortably and safely. We offer free returns and exchanges and a 100% Money-Back guarantee on many of our most popular devices. All tests were performed in the patients’ painless range of motion (ROM). Therapy on the Weak Side. Seib TP et al. Read Paper. [. Wearable powered exoskeletons allow patients to perform repetitive practice with large movements to maximize recovery, even immediately after the acute event. This handbook is the first concise guide for clinicians and researchers working with or learning about rTMS in stroke rehabilitation. Patients who presented some of the following exclusion criteria were not admitted to the study: cognitive impairment that implies not understanding simple commands, neurological injury that affects the upper limb, and dermatological injury that prevents the use of exoskeleton material. This open access book focuses on practical clinical problems that are frequently encountered in stroke rehabilitation. More specific details about its design can be found in. Like CIMT, treatment is intensive and usually occurs over a ten-day period for several hours per day. In each session, the type of movement, the elevation angle and speed, the number of repetitions and a waiting time between movements can be configured. Modulation of motor cortex excitability by different levels of whole-hand afferent electrical stimulation. Aspects of weight-support mechanisms in rehabilitation robotics. Finally, question Q4 is the one with lowest score, showing the almost unanimous perception that the participants feel the need to be helped by a person with technical knowledge about the device. The LAUNCHXL-F28379D board has embedded three hardware counting modules for encoders, which are used for motors m1, m2 and m3. rehabilitation; upper-limb; exoskeleton; robot, Probl. Intended for physical therapy students and practitioners, occupational therapy practitioners, physical medicine and rehabilitation practitioners and rehabilitiation nurses, this book discusses Brunnstrom's classic theory and technique. Which product? Subluxation is a common problem with hemiplegia, or weakness of the musculature of the upper limb. First enter which "side" you need (left hand or right hand). ; Graf, E.; O’Sullivan, L.W. ; Ferre, M. A Cable-Driven Exosuit for Upper Limb Flexion Based on Fibres Compliance. Dalla Gasperina, S.; Gandolla, M.; Calcagno, A.; Costa, A.; Aquilante, L.; Puchinger, M.; Gfoehler, M.; Braghin, F.; Pedrocchi, A. Multi-modal human-machine control interfaces of upper limb motorized exoskeletons for severely impaired patients. [4] Concerns have also been raised over the generalizability of the results obtained from research, as selection criteria for CIMT research has excluded patients with a moderate or more severe stroke, due to balance problems, serious cognitive deficits, and global aphasia, which may reduce understanding of safety instructions and interfere with a patient's ability to communicate difficulties. Now authored by two outstanding occupational therapy experts and 48 contributors who include educators, clinicians, and leaders in their profession, the fifth edition of this trusted text introduces occupation-based practice in the context ... This book along with another book from IntechOpen titled ‘Ischemic Stroke of Brain’ aims to improve the understanding of stroke medicine for postgraduate medical students in medicine and neurology who have an interest in stroke care. The counting of the pulses must be carried out by means of a hardware counter, since the high frequency of reception of pulses does not allow counting by means of interruptions. nights of wearing this thing on my arm my hot/cold sensation in the shower is significantly improved ! The stimulator controls the intensity of the stimulation that is sent to the arm and hand via the lead wires. Spasticity The stimulation is delivered into the elbow sleeve and glove by a uniquely designed stimulator. Editor’s Choice articles are based on recommendations by the scientific editors of MDPI journals from around the world. That score exceeds the average of 68, which, according to the SUS questionnaire standards, defines a tool as usable. [16], As with adults, however, the plausibility of administering CIMT in pediatric models is low except in specialized, for profit, clinics, due to its intensive parameters, and it has been noted that compliance is especially low in most community-dwelling children. ; Samper, J.L. However, modified CI therapy protocols have shown larger treatment effects when administered in the acute phase. He has some movement of the right leg i.e can move it sideways towards the left, and if supported, he can kick the leg out. This design also includes pieces for guiding, anchoring and cable support. Free Online Continuing Education Courses for Therapists Found inside – Page 315Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine, 39(2), 234À242. Available from http://doi.org/10.5535/arm.2015.39.2.234. ... 20Interest%20Checklist.pdf. van der Zee, C. H., Visser-Meily, J. M., Lindeman, E., Kappelle, J. L., & Post, M. W. (2013). All articles published by MDPI are made immediately available worldwide under an open access license. News/Blog Acosta, T.B. We use cookies on our website to ensure you get the best experience. Providing an introduction to the basic concepts of neurology, neurological conditions the differing methods of physiotherapy, this text brings together contributions from an experienced team of experts in the field. 392–394. This comprehensive text has been developed from the considerable clinical and teaching experience of the major topics in treatment of CNS patients. Proulx, C.E. This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. In. These movements are the same as those performed by physiotherapists in conventional physiotherapy sessions. These pieces use different methods of construction to facilitate manufacture, use and cleaning [, A super twisting slider mode controller [, There are two types of synchronized movements to perform the subject’s shoulder lift. Fax: (855) 414-0037. Motor m1 controls the length of the cable. Avoid use on areas of skin with recent scar tissue. Archives of Physical Medicine Rehabilitation 1994; 75: 746-750. ExoFlex performance has been evaluated from the point of view of the patient and the point of view of the clinician. Constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT) was developed to overcome upper limb impairments after stroke and is the most investigated intervention for treating stroke patients in the previous decades. The research team has previously proposed a body-adaptable textile design that aids performance for shoulder movements by combining textile layers with force-fit seams. ; Ferre, M. Assessment of an upper limb exosuit with textile coupling. ; Pont-Esteban, D.; Sáez-Sáez, F.J.; Sanchez-Urán, M.Á. 491–496. Cortical Plasticity The purpose of this device is not to produce movement in your hand. [6] Determination of the type of restraint used for therapy depends on the required level of safety vs. intensity of therapy. This book, Physical Disabilities - Therapeutic Implications, presents reports on a wide range of areas in the field of neurobiological disabilities, including movement disorders (Uner Tan syndrome, genetic and environmental influences, ... The configuration determines the commands to be sent to the motor controllers at any time. Please note that many of the page functionalities won't work as expected without javascript enabled. Media The statements, opinions and data contained in the journal, © 1996-2021 MDPI (Basel, Switzerland) unless otherwise stated. schedule a free evaluation with a Saebo Product Specialist, Foot Drop Treatment Using a Resistance Band, Free Online Continuing Education Courses for Therapists. In order for your body to be well prepared for the next treatment steps and so that you remain mobile, exercises to strengthen the trunk, arm, and leg muscles are highly recommended. The second component is the world’s smallest stimulator, complete with an LCD display screen and push button controls. Physical Therapy 2012; 84:1045-1054. Neurorehabil Neural Repair 2010; 24(3): 263-272. The active range of movement of the patients was determined, as well as the ROM, in which the patient could perform the movement without pain, and thus the exact angles at which the exoskeleton would perform the movements were determined. The focus of CIMT is to combine restraint of the unaffected limb and intensive use of the affected limb. [20][22][23][24] As stated above, this criterion typically limits the population eligible for this family of therapies to 20–25% of the entire stroke population. Liang, J.; Xian, D.; Liu, X.; Fu, J.; Zhang, X.; Tang, B.; Lei, J. Usability study of mainstream wearable fitness devices: Feature analysis and system usability scale evaluation. [20][22][23][24] A consistent exclusion criterion for CIMT and modified CI therapy has been the inability to perform voluntary wrist and finger extension in the involved hand. The evolution of the Bobath concept is brilliantly captured in this volume. Before performing the device test, the patients provided sociodemographic data and a rehabilitation doctor evaluated their health status. Australian Journal of Physiotherapy 1999; 45: 223-227. These sensors also work as a safety system. Please let us know what you think of our products and services. Comprehensive and practical, this manual guides allied health practitioners in every aspect of task-specific training"-- [11][19] Both CIMT and modified CI therapy has been shown to be an effective means of stroke rehabilitation regardless of the level of initial motor ability, amount of chronicity, amount of prior therapy, side of hemiparesis, or infarct location. Apart from the SUS questionnaire, the participants were also asked about any adverse effects that may have happened during the trial and no relevant adverse effects were reported. I more inclined to return it on the next days…. permission is required to reuse all or part of the article published by MDPI, including figures and tables. It allows us to select rehabilitation session options. Taub argues that, after a stroke, the patient stops using the affected limb because they are discouraged by the difficulty. Lee, M.; Rittenhouse, M.; Abdullah, H.A. Overall, the SUS is a quick and simple method for usability evaluation. Electrical stimulation as a means for achieving recovery of function in stroke patients. 1–6. Wearable powered exoskeletons allow patients to perform repetitive practice with large movements to maximize recovery, even immediately after the acute event. Peurala SH, et al. Watch Barbara, COTA, guide you through some easy upper limb exercises for post stroke recovery: Full PDF Package Download Full PDF Package. International Partners If you still love the device after 30 days, keep it, it's yours! Ambrosini, E.; Ferrante, S.; Rossini, M.; Molteni, F.; Gföhler, M.; Reichenfelser, W.; Duschau-Wicke, A.; Ferrigno, G.; Pedrocchi, A. Functional and usability assessment of a robotic exoskeleton arm to support activities of daily life. Scientific Advisory Board It can be used for clients with either expressive or receptive aphasia. The perceived usability, acceptability, and satisfaction of ExoFlex by clinicians is summarized in. Five items are rated on a Likert-type scale from 1 to 5 (strongly disagree—strongly agree) [. Contact Us, 2459 Wilkinson Blvd. Copyright Saebo, Inc 2021. This change in the brain is referred to as cortical reorganization or neuroplasticity. Stroke patients have commonly expressed the length of time wearing the constraint and time-consuming hours of therapy as reasons they wish not to participate.[31]. As we believe, applying the SUS questionnaire to clinicians provides unavailing information in comparison to the one obtained by the specific clinicians’ test that has been designed. Each ExoFlex joint is endowed with an optical limit switch (Omron EE-SX4009-P1). Loss of arm function adversely affects quality of life, and functional motor recovery in affected upper extremities in patients with hemiplegia is the primary goal of physical therapists. First, weâll start with an arm exercise video from Barbara, who works in occupational therapy. This is an excellent reference book for both occupational therapists starting out in the stroke field and established practitioners. —Dr Avril Drummond, Associate Professor in Rehabilitation, University of Nottingham [8] Constraint typically consists of placing a mitt on the unaffected hand or a sling or splint on the unaffected arm, forcing the use of the affected limb with the goal of promoting purposeful movements when performing functional tasks. published in the various research areas of the journal. How are you spending your day training your arm and hand? Rehabilitation program for cases of CNS damage, Duration and timing of "traditional" versus "modified" CI therapy programs, Application of constraint-induced movement therapy, "Effects of a dynamic hand orthosis for functional use of the impaired upper limb in sub-acute stroke patients: A multiple single case experimental design study", "A Critical Review of Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy and Forced Use in Children with Hemiplegia", "Longer versus shorter daily constraint-induced movement therapy of chronic hemiparesis: an exploratory study", "Effect of Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy on Upper Extremity Function 3 to 9 Months After Stroke: The EXCITE Randomized Clinical Trial", "Bound for Success: A Systematic Review of Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy in Children with Cerebral Palsy Supports Improved Arm and Hand Use", "Occupational Therapists' Opinions of Two Pediatric Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy Protocols", "Repetitive task practice: a critical review of constraint-induced movement therapy in stroke", "Modified constraint-induced therapy in patients with chronic stroke exhibiting minimal movement ability in the affected arm", "Effects of Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy on Patients with Chronic Motor Deficits After Stroke : A Replication", "Improvement After Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy is Independent of Infarct Location in Chronic Stroke Patients", "Treatment-Induced Cortical Reorganization After Stroke in Humans", "The effect of modified constraint-induced movement therapy on spasticity and motor function of the affected arm in patients with chronic stroke", "Effects of constraint-induced movement therapy on patients with chronic motor deficits after stroke: a replication", "CI therapy distribution: Theory, evidence and practice", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Constraint-induced_movement_therapy&oldid=1050473818, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 18 October 2021, at 01:54.
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