Each of the methods is presented with the elements of the results chain, and their impacts are compared. It also provides information about external elements that may influence the project, called assumptions.Finally, it tells you how the project will be monitored, through the use of /content/indicators.All this information is presented in a table with four columns and . Difference #2: The ToC gives focus to the complex social, economic, political . EF then builds yet another layer on top on this, which EF calls the conceptual model. • The results of the logical framework analysis are presented and further analysed in the Logframe matrix. ), and impacts (higher order objectives and goals which may/may not be measured or achieved in programmes life-cycle), Identify external factors and contexts that are important for programme to success or can pose risks to programme’s implementation. However, just as the photo of the conjoined twins above, both concepts belong to same family and are closely connected but they are not the same. This guide is not a comprehensive book on how to carry out evaluations. The logical framework approach was established in the 1970s as a technique of designing programs for the United States Agency for International Development (USAID), capturing vital elements of the programs in a single table that is referred to as the log frame. Results of the process of using the Logical Framework concepts can Effective logic models are usually explicit, visual, with the statement of the actions that will lead to change and the expected outcomes of these activities. A logic model builds on programme theory by more explicit . Logic Models. The Logical Framework Approach is a systematic and analytical planning process used for the results-based planning of a project (or programme) and for the associated monitoring and evaluation system. Using logic models and theories of change better in evaluation, BetterEvaluation. A logic model is a graphic depiction (road map) that presents the shared relationships among the resources, activities, outputs, outcomes, and impact for your program. It is also the most hotly debated. The Logical Framework is: a planning tool that sets out the objectives of a project and how they will be measured. This makes it easier for you and the donor to monitor program implementation. This book is open access under a CC BY-NC 3.0 IGO license. the most commonly used tool in M&E, favoured especially by funders. Found inside – Page 73They use different types of frameworks, for example the logic model (or theory of change) [26], logical framework (or logframe) [27] or results framework [28]. Frameworks show logically and diagrammatically how the intervention's ... The text is enhanced by numerous visual learning guides (sample models, checklists, exercises, worksheets) and many new case examples. Far from the narrow 'one true way' approaches to program theory, this book provides numerous practical options for applying program theory to fulfill different purposes and constraints, and guides the reader through the sound critical ... Another increasingly popular approach is to create a Theory of Change. Data modeling is one task that confuses many modelers because of the use of different designs of modeling. Shows all the different pathways that might lead to change, even if those pathways are not related to your program. In my last article I gave a summary of the Theory of Change (ToC) and I realise from my own experience that there is often confusion between the Theory of Change and the Logical Framework. Found inside – Page 15The logical framework. ... Program logic: An adaptable tool for designing and evaluating programs. ... Retrieved October 25, 2007, from http://www.mande.co.uk/ logframe.htm Evaluation logic model bibliography. (n.d.). Each of the methods is presented with the elements of the results chain, and their impacts are compared. It is also helpful for separating between elements that are more operational versus those that are more strategic in nature. Example of Logic Model Found inside – Page 168Broadly speaking, logframes, and the management approach that followed (the logical framework approach, or LFA) are a program design ... When portrayed in a 4x4 matrix, logframe becomes a 'logic model' or program logic model (PLM). The dominance of log frame for official development and application for funds was illustrated in 2011 when Britain’s DFID modified its regulations to ensure every newly approved project irrespective of project value has a log frame (DFID 2011). Learn more about logic models and the key steps to developing a useful . Is mainly used as a tool for program design and evaluation. Found inside – Page 168Logic Models and Organizational Assessments Organizations are goal - oriented systems driven by the actions of many ... is that many times , the organizational assessment must link its findings to a logic model or logical framework . Gives the big picture, including issues related to the environment or context that you can’t control. A logic model (also known as a theory of action), as defined by Part 77.1 of EDGAR, means a . Uncertainty within the project is made explicit. In practice, a Logical Framework: Gives a detailed description of the program showing how the program activities will lead to the immediate outputs, and how these will lead to the outcomes and goal (the terminology used varies by organisation). The purpose of a logframe. A logframe is different to a theory of change. The Aspen Institute Roundtable on Community Change, the community builder's approach to ToC. The diagram is flexible and doesn’t have a particular format – it could include include cyclical processes, feedback loops, one box could lead to multiple other boxes, different shapes could be used, etc. By the end of the next decade, this methodology became an integral part of the funding for many international development initiatives. processes, and outcomes. A Results Framework LOGFRAME. Therefore, TOC is an extremely useful tool to use at the project conception and design stage. Found inside – Page 178“Section 3.3: The Logical Framework Approach and Section 2.2: Using the Results Framework Approach.” http://www.ausaid.gov.au/ausguide/ default.cfm. BOND. 2001. ... A Bibliography for Program Logic Models/Logframe Analysis. According to the World Bank (2000), "the Logical Framework has the power to communicate the essential elements of a complex project clearly and succinctly throughout the project cycle. Found insideA logic model (also known as a 'logical framework', 'programme logic', 'programme theory' or 'impact value chain') is an easy-to-follow graphic display of the relationship between the programme's resources (inputs), activities and ... nested). Below is an example of a logic model, Source: Internal documentation related to //dx.doi.org/10.2471/BLT.08.057422. • The matrix essentially provides a summary of the project down to the activity level. RELATED: How To Distinguish Between Output, Outcome, and Impact [Video], Anderson, A. The Logical Frame provides a way to It represents, in a simplified way, a hypothesis or 'theory of . Found inside4.1.3 CIDA CIDA introduced Performance Measurement Framework (PMF), Risk Register, and Logic Model (LM), which clearly replace the logical framework. The Logic Model is a depiction of the causal or logical relationships between ... if you think increased knowledge will lead to behaviour change, is that an assumption or do you have evidence to show it is the case?). Over the last few decades there has been an ongoing debate in the international development community about the best way to describe how programs lead to results.  (the terminology used varies by organisation). The Logical Frame validates and potentially updates the Result Framework and includes detail on the inputs and outputs necessary to achieve the intended results or project's purpose as well as project assumptions. Found inside – Page 92One popular methodology that facilitates this is the logical framework model. ... The W. K. Kellogg Foundation (2001) declared that some versions of the logic model present it as four components in a linear sequence. ‘Theory of change’ process asks questions the assumption that we know how to deliver impacts. In my last article I gave a summary of the Theory of Change (ToC) and I realise from my own experience that there is often confusion between the Theory of Change and the Logical Framework. A Results Framework LOGFRAME. The logical framework approach was established in the 1970s as a technique of designing programs for the United States Agency for International Development (USAID), capturing vital elements of the programs in a single table that is referred to as the log frame. A logic model provides a critical framework for evaluators (and . ÊÚü
6pméhÖtr¶Ñ:Z!¼Ø½ÙYél½xVQ^A5c3W³rR#AÇXôÆݨÍßÚ¾zÔf7jzÕ¨]÷ºO@ÔóÎÝ({òu^på
D+÷1ÆëÑcµÔ9³Øò:Ýi2}â}Xl%NæAj,Ï5\/&Ó*ËEù
²e¦(gufÅ#¿^,¿¶tÆK߬×Æv¬´¾åbì½Ì]£KãIb ^ô[åhú3#1-ávÁNX´!C.5µûÔ
øÿvrmaO,%3|æ key components . Some people even argue that a Theory of Change is essentially the same thing as a Logical Framework, it’s just that over time people have forgotten how to do Logical Frameworks properly. Uncertainty within the project is made explicit. In practice, a Logical Framework: Gives a detailed description of the program showing how the program activities will lead to the immediate outputs, and how these will lead to the outcomes and goal (the terminology used varies by organisation). Found insideSometimes referred to as a logical framework, theory of change or programme theory, a logic model is a visual representation of the rationale for projects that helps to demonstrate the relationship between project inputs, activities, ... Found inside – Page 182Table 7.1 Logic model of a 'community health management project of a non-smoking campaign' (CHMP) Aim & Objec- Expec- ... The related Logical Framework Approach (LFA) is a descriptive methodological tool mainly used for designing, ... Introduction to logic models. Found inside – Page 70In this chapter, the focus is on the relationship of a theory of change and a logic model (see Chapter 12 for a more detailed discussion of logic models). A logical framework or logic model is a tool for planning and managing ... The log frame was used mostly by non-governmental organizations (NGO), for example, a CARE guidebook for project designers stated that eighty-four percent (84%) of its designs use the logical framework (Caldwell 2002). “How can Theory-Based Evaluation Make Greater Headway?” Evaluation Review 21 (4):501–24. Implicit vs. well-specified conceptual framework . For every key process, we spend resources like time, money, raw materials and other inputs . Found inside – Page 42First, it's helpful to show the basis for many evaluation models and that's a logical framework. Often labeled logic model, this approach is a general representation of how change will occur as the program is designed ... This article compares the results-based management (RBM) approach with the logical framework (LFA) and program logic model (PLM) approaches which preceded it. Originally designed for use in simple timebound projects, it is now used for interventions ranging from small projects to organisational core funding. It also includes a popular logframe template. Atlanta: CARE. The basic idea of the Logical Framework Approach is to condense the planned project mechanism down into a relatively simple, linear Logic Model . Developing a Logic Model or Theory of Change, Community Toolbox. Is presented as a diagram with narrative text. This framework is used by planners, implementers, and monitoring teams. A log frame (also known as a Project Framework) is a tool for planning and managing development projects. Found inside – Page 1307 The Logical Framework Approach is a tool for designing, monitoring and evaluating international development projects. 'The core of the logical framework is the 'temporal logic model' that runs through the ... Gives a detailed description of the program showing how the program activities will lead to the immediate outputs, and how these will lead to the outcomes and goal. They provide a logical and theory-based structure for identifying measurable and evaluable changes (Livingood et al., 2007). filled in initially with the data you expect to find from the project. The main distinction between a logic model and theory of change is that a logic model describes a logical sequence showing what the intervention's intended outcomes are—If we provide X, the result will be Y—while a theory of change includes causal mechanisms to show why each intervention component is expected to result in the . 4 INTRODUCTION The Logical Framework Approach is an analytical and management tool which is now used (in one form or another) by most multi-lateral and bi-lateral aid agencies, international NGOs and by many partner governments for the management of development projects. funding, staff, office Logic Models. Theory of change is a process as well as an end-point of describing how a programme of intervention is expected to deliver the ultimate development objective whereas log-frame is one of the ways this information can be organized – and more importantly, used in management and implementation of the programme. And show linkages of how things interact with each other to produce the outcomes. A "logical framework" or "log frame" is a natural extension of the logic model: it magnifies the logic model by integrating indicators and targets and the means for measuring progress [36, 37 . It is difficult to explain the extent to which these two methodologies overlap, how they are different, or why there are different terminologies in the first place, and this has continued to raise debate and confusion among the practitioners of the approaches. (2004). You will see there is no standard format, although they all include a diagram and narrative text. Found inside – Page 235The second type of logic model is a diagram showing the causal processes of a problem that the program is intended to ... Logframes , or the logical framework approach , are a particular form of generic program logic commonly used in ... Includes space for risks and assumptions, although these are usually only basic. nested). However, the flow is unidirectional and external factors, risks, assumptions are not well documented. What vs Why. Example of Logic Model FRAMEWORK. Found inside – Page 165Rationalistic (in the meaning synoptic) planning frameworks, which embed the causal logic behind actions (from inputs to ... Compared to linear logical framework, logic model or results chain approaches, the systems models focus more on ... Found inside – Page 440... logical framework, theory of change, or program matrix. A logic model is a step-by-step roadmap for getting to the desired result. According to Erwin and colleagues (2015), logic models “help identify underlying assumptions, ... Found inside – Page 96Specifically, the logic model is primarily applicable in theory-based evaluation, which has gained attention among ... One of the most widely used approaches is the Logical Framework Analysis (LogFrame), which was first applied by USAID ... As long as the plan is followed and targets are met, the larger objective or goals should be met. Theory of change vs. logical framework - What's the difference? LOGIC MODEL - DEFINED BY EDGAR. Found inside – Page 277A logical framework approach for training evaluation Another method for evaluating training is the use of a logical framework or logframe. A logframe is logic model in the form of a matrix (table) that provides a visual road map ... Theory of change vs. logical framework - What's the difference? Theory of Change vs Logical Framework – what’s the difference? Found inside – Page 237Confusion reigns in the language describing how program activities lead to program outcomes: * logic model * logical framework * program logic * program model * intervention logic * intervention model * chain of objectives * outcomes ... However, “another” approach known as Theory of Change (ToC) is also being used extensively in recent years. It suggests that the main difference between a theory of change and . Central to the Project Design process is the Logical Framework (LogFrame), which is developed from the CDCS Results Framework. that identifies . Could be used to complete the sentence âwe plan to do X  which will give Y resultâ. The logframe is the third, and most specific, logic model. The logical framework, otherwise known as the logframe, is the most common planning tool used in social development. Logic models are a good tool to help focus an evaluation to determine what to measure and what areas of your program might be most in need of evaluation. Is linear, which means that all activities lead to outputs which lead to outcomes and the goal – there are no cyclical processes or feedback loops. The Aspen Institute Roundtable on Community Change, the community builder's approach to ToC. By laying . Perhaps, this is the time some of us can reflect on why the speed of development is lagging behind the efforts and funding that go into the development sector. However, logframe implicitly assumes that the planners of implementers ‘know’ how to deliver the outcome or goal. Logical Framework is sometimes known as results framework or even monitoring framework. Found insidee logical framework/logic model approa was introduced in the 1990s by major development agencies including the UK Department for International Development and the US Agency for International Development, with the intention of ... Before I explore the differences, it is good to state that . The logical global) or focuses more closely on a component or specific activity (i.e. Central to the Project Design process is the Logical Framework (LogFrame), which is developed from the CDCS Results Framework. well-specified conceptual framework . Below is a typical structure of a logframe. The Logical Frame provides a way to Found inside... a statement of what the goal is and how that goal can be achieved.1 A theory of change is often summarized by a “Logic Model,” also called a Logical Framework or Log Frame, a tool that is increasingly being used to summarize the ... ToC will give insights into how the initiative contributes to a bigger change or impact, and log frames will give clarity to the programme team on how to make it happen in practical steps. The Logical Framework Approach: Summary The Logical Framework Approach is a set of interlocking concepts which must be used together in a dynamic fashion to develop a well-designed, objectively-described and evaluable project. It is supposed to show the logic of how the activities will lead to the outputs, which in tern lead to the outcomes, and ultimately the goal. The Logical Framework Approach (LFA) is an analytical process and set of tools used to support project planning and management. It might tell you that attendance at the after school program is an intermediate outcome. logic models can convey, Figure 1 provides an example of a basic and overarching logic model for a . This takes the form of a series of connected propositions: If these Activities are implemented, and these Assumptions hold, then these Outputs will be delivered. Most Logical Frameworks are shown using a logframe matrix that is similar to this template, although organisations differ in the exact terminology used for the columns and rows. Hence, in Entity Framework, what is called the storage model is actually the logical database model, since the EF storage model is independent of any specific database implementation. The Logical Framework Approach: Summary The Logical Framework Approach is a set of interlocking concepts which must be used together in a dynamic fashion to develop a well-designed, objectively-described and evaluable project. These four questions guide readers into fleshing out a simple, yet sophisticated, mental workbench called "the Logical Framework" - a Systems Thinking paradigm that lays out one's own project strategy in an easily accessible, interactive ... This Handbook provides a comprehensive ten-step model that will help guide development practitioners through the process of designing and building a results-based monitoring and evaluation system. A key point to remember is that ultimately how we organize and tell our programme’s theory must do the following: Based on the above criteria, you can readily see that the logframe will be an effective way to document the theory of change of your programme. Logic Model. A "logical framework" or "log frame" is a natural extension of the logic model: it magnifies the logic model by integrating indicators and targets and the means for measuring progress [36, 37 . The physical database model is not represented in EF at all, AFAIK. processes, and outcomes. Found inside – Page 35The logical framework approach and the logframe One step beyond logic models is the logical framework approach (LFA) and the logframe which was originally developed by the United States Department of Defence, and adopted by the United ... You can develop a logic model which depicts how an entire program operates (i.e. Piroska has worked on a range of international development programs involving local NGOs, international NGOs, UN agencies and government. However, you may also want to additionally have a logic model or programme theory that can graphically explain your programme in a single glance. A logic model provides a critical framework for evaluators (and . global) or focuses more closely on a component or specific activity (i.e. Instead of selecting one or the other, using both TOC as a process and log-frame as a tool can be most useful. Ultimately, the test of how useful TOC or logframe has been is in delivering hypothesized impacts. Logic Models and Evaluation Logic models typically provide a comprehensive description of three core aspects of a program (or policy, initiative, project, etc…. Found insideWeb Resources for Logic Models Name of Resource Web Address Construct a Logic Model for Your Program http://www.unitedway.org/Outcomes/Resources/MPO Logical Framework Analysis http://www.gdrc.org/ngo/logical-fa.pdf Developing a Logic ... A logic model is a graphic depiction (road map) that presents the shared relationships among the resources, activities, outputs, outcomes, and impact for your program. of the proposed process, product, strategy, or practice (i.e., the active "ingredients" that are hypothesized to be critical to achieving the Found insideThe widespread use of the logical framework, however, has not been without limitations. ... A logical framework (LogFrame), also referred to as a logic model, provides a linear, logical interpretation of the relationship between ... The second edition of Patton's classic text retains the practical advice of the original. The core of the Logical Framework is the "temporal logic model" that runs through the matrix. In other words, a Logic Model/Logical Framework may be developed for every single outcome that is depicted on the ToC. Logic models are a good tool to help focus an evaluation to determine what to measure and what areas of your program might be most in need of evaluation. According to the reports issued by Aspen Institute on early experiences, ToC stemmed from the introduction of a new technique of planning community-based programs (Anderson, 2004). Programme Outcome Model or Results Chain is another way of clearly differentiating between activities, outputs and outcomes as shown below. THE LOGICAL . Caldwell, R. (2002). ): " Inputs: Concrete things that are invested in the program— these are the core aspects of a program that allow the program to actually be implemented (e.g. By laying . (2011). Using logic models and theories of change better in evaluation, BetterEvaluation. One approach has been to use a Logical Framework (also called a LogFrame), which most donors now require. Kellogg Foundation has published a logic model development guide that explains why you would want to use logic models and how to develop one. In practice, a Theory of Change typically: DFID have put together 10 examples of Theories of Change from their programs. The ToC methodology originated independently from American universities, and the use of this approach of planning development programs dates far back as the late 1990s. Washington, DC: The Aspen Institute. Three styles of data modeling that are very popular are conceptual, physical and logical models but because of many overlapping principles, people who wish to make use of any of these models remain confused. In reality there is no official definition of a Theory of Change or how it differs from a Logical Framework. Describes why you think one box will lead to another box (e.g. • The matrix essentially provides a summary of the project down to the activity level. Logical Framework. . It depicts the relationship between your program's activities and its intended effects. Arnold, M. E. (2013). Found inside – Page 16The concept of logical framework adopted the name of logical model as it began to be used as a framework to direct health and social welfare programs development and evaluation in the 1980s. The increasing acceptance of logical models ... Guidance on Using the Revised Logical Framework DFID Practice Paper. Mathematical Logic, Databases, and Programming Languages. Found insideNext, Boolean logic models must essentially result from pruning(V, H). Additionally,we impose twoconstraints relatedto the fact that our Booleanlogic models essentially aim atproviding a framework for inputoutput predictions. Before each example is a check-list to assess whether the Theory of Change includes an analysis of the context, a clear hypotheses of change, and an assessment of the evidence (this is what DFID thinks they should include). Developing a Logic Model or Theory of Change, Community Toolbox. The word ‘framework’ is common because we use a matrix or table structure to organize information about the programmes implementation, expected outputs, and higher-order outcomes. A Logic Model would tell you that the after school program is an activity and improved reading scores is an outcome. Project Design Handbook. The logframe is the third, and most specific, logic model. • The Logframe consists of a matrix with four columns and four (or more) rows, summarising the key elements of a project: Logic of Intervention Logic programs are more declarative in the sense that they strive to be logical specifications of "what" to do rather than "how" A logic model (also known as a theory of action), as defined by Part 77.1 of EDGAR, means a . It might tell you that attendance at the after school program is an intermediate outcome. . Once we have committed a set approach and procedure to funders (or others), then we rather just use log-frame in good faith and hope all our assumptions come true. How To Distinguish Between Output, Outcome, and Impact, Clearly distinguish between inputs or activities, outputs (which you budget for), outcomes (towards which you manage your programme and they are not in full control of your implementation; else they would be outputs!
Remixed Pixel Dungeon Caged Kobold,
Efficient Movers Los Angeles,
Dodgers Charity Event,
Churchill Wild Lodges,
Parkway Family Restaurant,